Understanding Scoliosis
Scoliosis makes the spine curve sideways. It looks like a C or S from behind.
Related glossary terms: Cervical Spine, Lumbar Spine, Thoracic Spine.
The spine usually curves front to back. But scoliosis curves it side to side. This can hurt posture and movement.
Most people with scoliosis have mild curves. They may not notice any problems. Others feel back pain or see uneven shoulders.
Scoliosis can start at any age. It is often found in kids aged 10 to 15. The cause is often unknown (called idiopathic scoliosis).
Some health problems can cause it. These include cerebral palsy (a muscle control disorder) and muscular dystrophy (weak muscles). Spinal injuries can also cause it.
Finding scoliosis early is key. School screenings or doctor visits help. Mild curves can get worse during growth spurts.
A doctor checks the spine to diagnose it. They may use X-rays to see the curve.
How Scoliosis Is Measured?
Doctors measure scoliosis with the Cobb angle. This is a way to see how much the spine curves on an X-ray.
A Cobb angle under 10 degrees is normal. Angles from 10 to 25 degrees are mild scoliosis.
Moderate scoliosis is 25 to 40 degrees. Severe scoliosis is over 40 degrees. Bigger angles may need treatment.
Doctors also check other things. They look at where the curve is. The upper back (thoracic) or lower back (lumbar) may curve.
They check the patient's age. They see if the curve is getting worse. Teens who are still growing are at higher risk.
Doctors use tools like scoliometers. These measure trunk rotation (how the torso twists). This helps track changes without many X-rays.
Why Scoliosis Matters?
Scoliosis can cause problems. Even mild curves can get worse. This may lead to pain or trouble moving.
A curved spine can press on muscles. This can cause back pain. It may hurt more after standing or sitting.
Severe scoliosis can squeeze the chest. This can make breathing harder. It may lower lung capacity.
Scoliosis can also affect feelings. Teens may feel bad about their posture. They might worry about how they look.
Early treatment can help. Physical therapy and chiropractic care can improve alignment. They can also reduce pain.
If the curve grows, a brace may help. It stops the curve from getting worse. Surgery is for very severe cases.
Surgery is used when the curve is over 40-50 degrees. It may be needed if health risks are high. Knowing about scoliosis helps families choose treatment.
When Scoliosis Matters Most?
Scoliosis is worst during growth spurts. This is often in the teen years. Curves can get worse fast then.
Parents and teachers should watch for signs. Uneven shoulders or a rib hump may show up. A waist that looks uneven is another sign.
Finding it early helps. It can stop the need for surgery later. Even adults can have problems if the curve grows.
Some people need to watch it more. Athletes or workers with hard jobs may feel more pain. The spine is under extra strain.
Pregnant women with scoliosis may struggle. The baby bump shifts their balance. This can make symptoms worse.
Adults with scoliosis may face other issues. Spinal stenosis (a narrow spinal canal) can happen. It may press on nerves and cause pain.
Regular checkups help manage risks. They keep life comfortable. A doctor can help track changes.
